(Above) John D. Lee sits on his coffin moments before being executed for reportedly ordering the Mountain Meadows attack. Why did he threaten honest men who called for justice in the matter? John G. Turner. On September 11, 1857, 120 men, women and childrenpioneers from Arkansas headed for Californiawere massacred after being promised safe passage through a Southern Utah valley known as Mountain Meadows. Even the Lord associated him with Moses, and . In 1835, the Three Witnesses selected Young as one of the inaugural members of the Quorum of the Twelve. Young extensively promoted his theology of blood atonement, which held that certain crimes and sins were so vile that they could not be forgiven until a debt had been paid in blood. Every Latter-day Saint knows the importance of the six days in August 1844 when Brigham Young and the Twelve Apostles were sustained at Nauvoo as Joseph Smith's successors. He stated in an 1861 sermon: When I reflect on how I found the gospel, I realize that my familys experiences informed two important pieces of my testimony. In short, the massacre is best explained by cascading local events in a setting of extreme excitement and fear. Ron Walker is one of the three Mormon historians writing the upcoming rebuttal to be published by Oxford University Press. Letters of Brigham Young to His Sons Dean C. Jessee Stanford J. Layton Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byusq Part of the Mormon Studies Commons, and the Religious Education Commons Recommended Citation Layton, Stanford J. They were clubbed, stabbed or shot at point-blank range, then stripped and left to be scavenged by wolves and buzzards. How do you put shoes on a cloven-footed ox? Weeks after Young's proclamation, in the high desert of the Utah territory, LDS Mormons murdered more than 100 Arkansas migrants. However, he was not the youngest apostle ever ordained. He died of appendicitis in August of 1877. Meanwhile, someone attempted to assassinate Governor Boggs, shooting him twice through the skull, once in the neck, and once in the throat. And the suppressing of evidence, Andrew Hamilton said in 1735, ought always be taken for the best evidence.. TUCKER CARLSON: You always imagine in your mind's eye that it's evil men who destroy society: wild-eyed, spit-flecked dictators pounding the podium to demand the annihilation of their enemies. A US hospital has rejected a patient for a heart transplant at least in part because he is not vaccinated against Covid-19. The game in question was against Brigham Young University, as part of the Mountain West semifinals. Young read the Bible verse the soldiers had inscribed on a cedar cross atop the monument: Vengeance is mine, saith the Lord., It should read, he said, Vengeance is mine, and I have taken a little. Young then directed the desecration of the grave. He was removed from his post but, when Rigdon was still Smiths second-in-command, his input helped shape much of Mormon theology and he also gave the majority of important sermons to the earliest Mormon congregations. Writing a polemic trying to blame Brigham Young would be self-defeating, just as writing an apologia to clear his skirts would ultimately have to justify murder. Kauna unahang parabula na inilimbag sa bhutan? There are no other trains going south that I know of. TAMPA, Fla. Acting as his own lawyer, a double-murder defendant opened his death penalty trial by shouting at jurors that he did not attack his girlfriend and disabled daughter. He dedicated his whole life to church service and made a significant contribution in the early days of the Church. The latter is filed in sequential order in Youngs well-preserved and bound letter books. Some testimony came in private interviews when there was no motive to lie. But its not a formula for good history. Death is not the end of our existencejust a change in our being. Director Henry Hathaway Writers Louis Bromfield Lamar Trotti (screenplay) Stars Tyrone Power Linda Darnell Dean Jagger Utah became the 45th member of the union on Jan. 4, 1896, with Salt read more, In 1844, reeling from the murder of their founder and prophet, Joseph Smith, and facing continued mob violence in their settlement in Illinois, thousands of Latter Day Saints (better known as Mormons) threw their support behind a new leader, Brigham Young. Tracklist: 01. Brigham Young (pictured) is revered by Mormons as the second prophet of modern times. Cold Milk 07. Brigham Young had no tolerance for Mormons who began to doubt the faith. Beginning in the 12th century and continuing for hundreds of years, the Inquisition is infamous for the severity of its tortures and its read more. Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present. [9] In Utah Territory, Young worked as a printer, saddler and contractor.[10]. On April 15, 1832, Young and his brother John were baptized into the Latter Day Saint Church of Christ. From Vailsburg To Vaudeville 04. Speaking of lineage, I should like to explain to you that whatever your great-grandparents or forebears did cannot be grafted into your own life. (She also established from the most impeccable Mormon sources that Brigham Young had obstructed a murder investigation for 18 years, which made him guilty of felony murder.). An armed mob assassinated Smith in 1844, and Young and the other apostles took charge of leading the Mormon church. Even in households where the men could afford their wives and offered them full financial support, sometimes jealousy and spite divided wives to the point that some would kill themselves to avoid having to live in heaven with their husbands and their sister wives. In 1857, President James Buchanan declared Utah to be in a state of rebellion, and sent some 2,500 federal troops to help replace Young as territorial governor. Enter your email to receive updates on our LDS Living content, 2022 LDS Living A Division of Deseret Book Company. If you happen to be named Brown or Jones or Spendlove or Lewis or Young or any name, it doesn't matter who your ancestors are. For motives, they point to the persecution of the Mormon people and to the earlier killing of Mormon leaders Joseph and Hyrum Smith. Women in Utah were treated like a commodity, with Church apostle Heber C. Kimball once observing, I would think nothing more of taking a wife than of buying a cow. Men married additional women to show their status as righteous men who were devoted to their faith and would often marry more women than they could afford to support, keeping the less-liked wives in other towns and forcing them to earn their own living. Why do people say that forever is not altogether real in love and relationship. John D. Lee leading elder in Mt. A case in point is Poe's short story of 1843, "The Tell-Tale Heart." Narrated in retrospect, Poe's confessional tale features a "Mad" protagonist who recalls his grisly murder of an old man, his . Brigham Young later privately set apart three other sons and Joseph F. Smith as apostles who served as "assistant Counselors to the First Presidency.". A later biography of Ann Eliza Young termed her The Twenty-Seventh Wife. An early convert to Mormonism, Brigham Young succeeded founder Joseph Smith as the president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1847; he led the church until his death in 1877. Was brigham young stabbed by a son named Phineas? Because of this and the expulsion from Missouri, the Mormons at the time felt very strong prejudice against people from those two states. There are two ways to interpret the evidence about who ordered the brutal murder of 120 men, women and children at a remote Utah oasis on the road to California on September 11, 1857. With Congress repeatedly rejecting proposals for Utah statehood, Young firmly resisted the territorys involvement in the Civil War, especially after passage of the Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act in 1862, which effectively outlawed plural marriage in U.S. territories. In an address he gave at General Conference (a semi-annual meeting of the Latter-day Saints), he announced, Shall I tell you the law of God in regard to the African race? They were reacting to events as they took place. Adding fuel to Mormon rage, they argue, was the killing, a few months before the massacre, of Apostle Parley P. Pratt. setTimeout(function(){var t=document.createElement("script");t.setAttribute("src","https://sample.dragonforms.com/getEmbeddedClientScript.do?embeddedsite=TW_dispatch_nl"),t.setAttribute("type","text/javascript"),document.body.appendChild(t)},5); Become a subscriber today and youll recieve a new issue every month plus unlimited access to our full archive of backlogged issues. Youngs fiery discourses calling for blood and vengeance, his encouragement of Indian attacks on wagon trains and the lies he told to cover up the crime all show he was intimately involved in fomenting a vicious act of vengeance. Mormon Historians Shed Light On Sept. 11, 1857. Pres. Haight then turned the gun on himself. According to Todd Compton, a Mormon historian and author ofJohn Willard Young, Brigham Young, and the Development of Presidential Succession in the LDS Church, John Willard Young was the youngest person ever ordained an apostle, which happened during a private event in 1855. When he isnt exploring the dark secrets of various religions, he is a major sci-fi/fantasy geek and the lead editor and author for The Elders Blog on Elders of Genova. Brigham Young Pioneer Prophet. Simpson murdered his wife. Young unambiguously condoned the attack afterwards. George A. Smith was born in 1817, and he was the cousin of the Prophet Joseph Smith. Particularly telling is the testimony of those who did the killing at the Meadows. "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. Reading the September 2000 True West article by Glenn Shirley, titled, A Tireless Energy & Nerves of Steel, I was fascinated by Caroline Bonneville. Brigham Young tried to stop the massacre. Finally, why has so much evidence been destroyed or purged from Mormon archives, and why has so much evidence been suppressed? He was a brother of the Mormon prophet, Brigham Young (1801-1877). When I began writing about the massacre, I realized trying to prove anything about this appalling crime would prove only that I was an idiot. He was also the founder of Salt Lake City and the first governor of the Utah Territory, United States. Young died in Salt Lake City, Utah Territory at the age of 80. the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Comprehensive History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phineas_Young&oldid=1133790119, This page was last edited on 15 January 2023, at 14:54. Seventeen children who were too young to remember the attack were spared. He married single women and widows. he led the Mormon raiders to attack and burn supply wagons of the U.S. militia sent to kill the saints. The council sought to create a Mormon-Indian alliance, and to make such an arrangement attractive to the Indians, Young allegedly told them that he would no longer stop them from stealing emigrant cattle on the California Trail. However, church president Joseph Smith insisted that his brother William Smith be selected in place of Young. "Settlers burned and vandalized at least 200 buildings in four Palestinian villages," according to The New York Times. He went on to become a missionary in England. For example, George W. Bean was called as a Seventy at age 14; Don Carlos Smith was called to preside over the High Priests Quorum at age 19; Joseph F. Smith was ordained as an elder and sent on a mission at age 15; and George A. Smith was called to be a member of the First Quorum of the Seventy at age 17 and as an apostle in the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles at age 21, making him the youngest apostle to ever serve in the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (500 Little-Known Facts in Mormon History). Just six years after the murder of Joseph Smith and five after the Mormon exodus from Nauvoo, Young was in no mood to accommodate outside interference with governing the Saints as he saw fit. Why? Mormons responded to not being allowed to vote by forming a militia and attacking Gallatin as well as the nearby village of Millport (one militia battle is depicted in the painting above). Why did Brigham Young allegedly send a message telling Southern Utahns NOT to kill the emigrants unless he was countermanding previous orders? While several reasons for this statement may be suggested, most persuasive is the ebb and flow of the local decision-making during the weeklong event. Brigham Young was an American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement. DJ Ferguson, who . Was not referring to his death, just the stabbing. What ever happened to Big Minnie of Tombstone? They are also fascinated by stories of murder and especially murder on a grand scale. He declared that: "I will fight them and I will fight all hell!" The Church had been tense against the federal government ever since the murder of their founder and Mormon prophet, Joseph Smith, at the hands of an Illinois lynch mob in 1844. According to this story, they told him that all religions existing at the time were abominations. Later in 1841, Young served a mission to Cincinnati and its environs with Franklin D. That question stumped me for years, and like many other Mormon mysteries the clues have been carefully purged from the records of Utahs past. The emigrants passed through Salt Lake City in early August, and headed south. The footage showed the massive professional athlete throwing the victim around her home with brutal force in front of their then-5-month-old son. By the summer of 1877, Youngs health was in decline, but he continued to play an active role in the Mormon church up until the end. At Four Corners, in the southeast, Utah meets Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona at right angles, the only such meeting of states in the country. After the extermination order, the Mormons left for Nauvoo, Illinois, but their bad experiences in Missouri would never be forgotten. In several speeches given to large gatherings of Latter-day Saints, he proclaimed that the only way a person could be absolved of the sin of leaving Mormonism would be for that person to have his or her blood spilled on the ground. The Love and Laws of God By President Russell M. Nelson ,, An address given at Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah, on September 17, 2019. Rockwell never directly denied the crime, even when he was tried for it, insisting, Ive never shot at anybody. His brother Joseph was baptized the next day and Brigham Young was baptized approximately one week later. He is also the founder of the first Baptist church in America. In theearly church years, the method of judging apostolic seniority was base on the date of ordination. In 1852, Young publicly acknowledged Mormon polygamy. Brigham Young chosen to lead Mormon Church After Joseph Smith, the founder and prophet of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, or Mormonism, and his brother, Hyrum, were murdered by. Following Haights orders, Lee negotiated a cease fire with the wagon company on September 11. He is called the "American Moses" because of his leadership of the "Mormon Exodus" to the western territories. DJ Ferguson's family say he was first on the list to receive the transplant at Brigham and Women's Hospital but he is no longer eligible because of his vaccination status, CBS Boston reported. The Indians we expect will do as they please but you should try and preserve good feelings with them. Mormons are a religious group that embrace concepts of Christianity as well as revelations made by their founder, Joseph Smith. As she goes back in memory to the old home, she revives the scenes and varied events . From 1864 through 1871 Young served as the bishop of the Salt Lake City 2nd Ward. Sharon Smith & Mike Leach Were Friends at Brigham Young University; Mike Used to Visit Her Apartment to Watch Television Sharon Smith and Mike Leach both attended Brigham Young University. According to the record, Alma the Younger was "a very wicked and an idolatrous man. An anti-Mormon mob killed Joseph and Hyrum Smith in Carthage, Illinois. His translation retells some Biblical stories as well as adding to the lore of the father of Judaism and Islam, and the translation was eventually canonized as scripture. After a 500 mile round trip journey, militiamen received this response on Sept 13, two days too late to prevent the massacre. Johnson earned his freedom and owned a 250-acre farm, and his son . Finally, it is also a matter of historical record that none of the Indian leaders at the Salt Lake council were later at Mountain Meadows, except the Southern Ute leader, Ammon, who tried to prevent the massacre. The Center for Family History and Genealogy was established at Brigham Young University in order to utilize BYU resources to simplify the process of finding of ancestors and the discovery of the world in which they lived. Matthew Easton, a 24-year-old political science major, told an audience of thousands, "I'm not broken." In the video that Harrold recorded, the woman could be seen yelling at the teen and lunging at him during the Dec. 26 incident. Young said that the company that was used up at Mountain Meadows were the fathers, mothers, brothers, sisters, and connections of those that murdered the prophets; they merited their fate, and the only thing that ever troubled him was the lives of the women and children, but that under the circumstances this could not be avoided. The second explanation is that the massacre was a calculated act of vengeance. March 28, 1884: Or was it March 8? A disgraced former Geography professor at Mormon-founded Brigham Young University in Utah who was charged with sexually abusing a female students after allegedly telling her she needed to straddle . Young won the leadership and Strang was considered a heretic and excommunicated from the Mormon Church. According to her, they would try to leave Utah then turn up murdered (supposedly by Native Americans) along the way. The five sons of John and Nabby Young From left to right: Lorenzo Dow, Brigham, Phineas H., Joseph, and John. In 1867, a group of non-Mormon pioneers from Missouri and Arkansas were trying to pass through Utah on their way to California but ran into trouble as they tried to get through the Beehive State. Here's the account in his own words: Brigham Young wasn't the only latter-day prophet to have such close experiences with death. Church descriptions of the massacre typically begin by pointing out that it took place as the United States was sending a small army to impose the Federal will on Utah Territory. In 1830, Young was contacted by Samuel H. Smith, a missionary in the recently established Latter Day Saint movement. Several church leaders, including Young, were later charged under the law; Young was not convicted, but a case involving his secretary, George Reynolds, went all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court, which in 1879 unanimously decided that the law was constitutional and the First Amendment did not protect polygamy. On April 15, 1832, Young and his brother John were baptized into the Latter Day Saint Church of Christ. Richards. All Rights Reserved. The Anglican Church began its existence with a purging of Catholics. Niggas Sooooo Good 06. The seeing of our faithful Elders slaughtered in cold blood, he wrote after his friends death, is at times almost to[o] grevious to be borne, but as the Spirit within me whispers, peace be still. This advice was never changed. What are the answers to studies weekly week 26 social studies? Fiery yet full of doubt, frequently ill yet strong when it . He governed the territory as a theocracy, with church doctrines taking precedence over laws. Fortunately, they are well documentedmany even by official Mormon publications. He has been a guest speaker on numerous national radio and television stations and is a five time published author. In 1838, Joseph Smith purchased an Egyptian mummy and a set of papyri. As the pioneers entered Utah, Brigham Young forbade everyone from selling them much-needed supplies. How many 5 letter words can you make from Cat in the Hat? Traditions abound for alums returning to campus and for students during Homecoming week, October 15-19, 2019. by Will Bagley and Ron Walker | Apr 1, 2003 | Features & Gunfights. A final investigation ultimately resulted in Lees execution in 1877, and other conspirators successfully going into hiding. The only ones spared were 17 children under the age of eight, who were taken in by local Mormon families, and would later testify they saw their parents clothes and jewels being worn by locals. For instance, Joseph Smith was once attacked by an apostate from the Church, William Law, who "attempted to kill Joseph and fired a pistol at him six times at close range. Brigham Young neither ordered nor approved of the Mountain Meadows Massacre beforehand, but his unwillingness to cooperate with federal officials precipitated the crisis, and his subsequent actions and rhetoric inflamed tensions rather than calming them. While it's clear that the Lord's prophets have often been preserved to perform sacred works, it is also clear that these near-death experiences provided Brigham Young with unparalleled insight into the nature of the spirit world. Hiding Rockwells role in expressing Eleanor to Utah from my late friend Hal was evidence that had been carefully suppressed. As one of John D. Lees wives put it, The Mormons were so insulted and indignant over the death or murder of Pratt that they Raked untold Vengeance on the poor Emigrants.. Anti-Mormons have long claimed that Mormon leader Brigham Young ordered the massacre. He was a model Latter-day Saint; a good man possessed in large measure with friendliness, integrity, optimism, and unswerving loyalty to his leaders., Smith had a strong relationship with both the Prophet Joseph Smith and President Brigham Young during his apostleship. Ann Eliza Webb, after she decided to divorce Young in 1873, published an expos entitled Wife No. Amid the tensions, however, a band of armed Mormons attacked a wagon train of non-Mormons heading west from Arkansas in a valley known as Mountain Meadows in September 1857. Despite the fact that the leader of the Mormon Church is supposed to relay Gods will to mankind, though, Brigham Young espoused some terrifyingly racist ideals. When I learned that Orrin Porter Rockwell, the notorious Mormon lawman and Danite, had rushed Mrs. Pratt across the plains in record time, I knew what happened at Mountain Meadows. [7], After Joseph Smith was killed in 1844, Young joined the majority of Latter Day Saints in accepting the leadership of Brigham Young and the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. 1940. But Matt Easton, 24, political science valedictorian at Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah said the timing was right to tell 10,000 people he was gay. By John G. Turner. According to Bennett, Rockwell returned the day before news of the assassination attempt arrived at Nauvoo. Yet no narrative has a daily summary of what went on using the rich documents compiled at the time or the growing body of historical literature on the topic. The facts are these: Young spoke out against revenge killings. The emigrants fell back to a defensive position, and the ambush became a siege. President Brigham Young ordained his 11-year-old son John Willard Young as an apostle shortly after John received his temple endowment, though John never joined the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. The mob killed men, women and all but 17 of the smallest children . She has been placed on indefinite suspension for her actions, which include punching another . But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! As a church leader, Brigham Young stood in marked contrast to his predecessor, the charismatic, idealistic, and theologically innovative Joseph Smith. Why was the decision Roe v. Wade important for feminists? The proclamation is very clear: . Their beliefs on the subject extend so far as to dictate that a prophet can never lead people astray. Young discouraged Mormons from cooperating with federal investigations into the massacre, propagating instead the theory that rogue Indians were solely responsible, an explanation that virtually nobody found credible. In the early days of the Church, it was common for members to be called to serve at young ages. Sidney Rigdon was, for a time, the second most powerful person in Mormonism. . The incident occurred late Saturday afternoon at . In regard to emigration trains passing through our settlements, we must not interfere with them until they are first notified to keep away. He said, I was always Josephs friend; his enemies are my enemies.. The Brink of War. Smithsonian Magazine, June 2008.

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